Radiometry, Sources and Detectors (3 units). Radiometric concepts, symbols, units and nomenclature. Radiative transport in free space and through optical systems. Effect of material properties on radiative transport. Blackbodies and other radiation sources. Fundamentals of radiation detectors, including principles of operation, noise and figures of merit. Illustrative imaging and nonimaging radiometric systems. Prerequisites - OPTI 201R, 201L, 360 or equivalent, 380B.

Meeting Times: Lecture, MW 3:30 to 4:45 | Recitation, F 3:30 to 4:30

Instructors: Harrison H. Barrett and Matthew Dubin

Contact information, Harrison Barrett
Email: hhb@email.arizona.edu
Offices: Meinel Room 510, Radiology Research Lab 180
Phone: Optical Sciences 621-4425; Radiology 626-6815, 626-7848
Office Hours: MW 2:30 – 3:30 pm, by appointment or as announced

Contact information, Matthew Dubin
Email: mdubin@optics.arizona.edu
Offices: Meinel Room 621
Phone: 626-3723
Office Hours: MW 2:30 – 3:30 pm, by appointment or as announced

Teaching Assistant: Hacene Chaouch
Email: hchaouch@optics.arizona.edu
Office: TBA
Phone: TBA
Office hours: TBA

Text: The Art of Radiometry, James M. Palmer and Barbara G. Grant, SPIE Press, 2010

Class Web Site: The class web site, available through d2l.arizona.edu, will be used for posting homework assignments and solutions, for schedule updates, and for access to other course materials.

Recitation: Regular lectures in the course will be held MW 3:30 – 4:45, but F 3:30 – 4:30 has been set aside for a recitation section. This slot will be used for unstructured question-and-answer sessions, discussion of homework sets and solution, optional supplementary topics, and reviews before the in-class tests and the final exam. Attendance at the recitations is optional.

Homework: Regular homework assignments will be given, and they may involve computer simulations or physical measurements with apparatus to be supplied. Students are encouraged to work together on homework assignments, but the final writeups must be independent.

Grading Policies: Homework accounts for 30% of the final grade. Two midterm exams worth 20% each are given. A comprehensive final exam is given on the assigned date and time for the class and is worth 30%. Homework is due at the start of class on the due date for that assignment. Late homework receives a 20% deduction if turned in prior to solutions being given out in class, and a 40% deduction if turned in after solutions are given.

Unit I. Propagation of Radiation

•Class introduction, overview of energy collection, simple radiometers, other applications.
•Basic mathematical concepts: Vectors, coordinate systems, 2D and 3D integrals, angle and solid angle, projected solid angle, partial derivatives and partial integration.
•Fundamental radiometric quantities: Radiant energy, flux, irradiance, radiant intensity, etc.; definition, symbols, units.
•Radiance: Definition, symbol, units; interpretation.
•Invariance and measurement of radiance.
•Lambert’s law; isotropic vs. Lambertian; M vs. L. Why are Lambertians so common?
•Spectral radiometric quantities and radiometry in photon units.
•Radiative transfer in free space; inverse-square and cosine laws.
•Radiative transfer through optical systems; etendue and throughput; Lagrange invariant.
•Reflection and transmission by rough surfaces; BRDF and BTDF.

Unit II Sources and Detectors

•Radiation in classical E&M; role of accelerated charges.
•Types of sources: thermal, luminescent, laser etc.
•Physics of thermal sources: equipartition, modes, density of states.
•Blackbody laws: Rayleigh-Jeans, Planck, Wien, Stefan-Boltzmann; graybodies.
•Survey of other sources.
•Detection mechanisms and detector types; thermal vs. photon-counting; imaging vs. non-imaging
•Physics of semiconductor detectors; photoconductive vs. photovoltaic.
•PN junctions; I-V characteristic, effect of illumination.
•Basic electronics; photodiodes and op-amps.
•Detector electronics, detector interfacing.
•Noise mechanisms, power spectral density, figures of merit.
•Imaging detectors - general characteristics, CCD vs. CMOS.

Unit III. Radiometric systems

•The human visual system. Photometry
•Color and colorimetry
•Digital projectors
•Integrating spheres, quad cells and other neat stuff
•Thermal imaging
•Background and stray light
•Hyperspectral imaging