OPTI 50207/08 OPTI 502. Optical Design and Instrumentation I (3) I. Rays and Waves, Snell's Law, Mirror and Prism Systems, Gaussian Imagery and Cardinal Points, Paraxial Raytracing, Stops and Pupils, Radiometric Transfer, Vignetting, Elementary Optical Systems (Objectives, Telescopes, Illumination Systems, Projectors, Photographic Systems), Optical Materials, Dispersion, Achromats. P, PHYS 142, 241. Course Outline (75-minute lectures):Foundations of Geometric Optics 1. Assumptions of geometrical optics; refractive index; optical path length; rays and wavefronts; Fermat's principle; Snell's law; refraction and reflection; critical angle; sign conventions. 2. Plane mirrors; systems of plane mirrors; parity and orientation. 3. Non-dispersing prisms and prism types; plane-parallel plate; tunnel diagrams; reduced thickness. 4. Imaging with a thin lens; focal length; conjugates; magnification; imaging equations. 5. Real and virtual images; negative lenses; thin-lens afocal system. 6. Gaussian optics; magnification; cardinal points and planes; focal length; Newtonian and Gaussian equations; conjugate planes; afocal systems; colinear transformation. 7. Object-image relationships and zones; longitudinal magnification. 8. Paraxial image formation; single refracting surface and its cardinal points; transfer between surfaces. 9. Two component systems; Gaussian reduction. 10. Single reflecting surface; thick lens; thin lens; systems of two thin lenses. Elementary Optical Systems 11. Paraxial ray tracing; cardinal points by raytracing; back focal distance; virtual objects. 12. Stops and pupils; marginal and chief rays; field of view; Lagrange invariant. 13. Determination of pupil location by Gaussian optics and raytracing; numerical aperture; f-number. 14. Radiometric Transfer; A product; camera equation. 15. Vignetting; real ray traces. 16. Objectives; collimators; depth of focus and hyperfocal distance; Scheimpflug condition. 17. Zoom lenses; simple magnifier; magnifying power. S 18. Keplerian telescope; eye relief; field lenses; eyepieces; Galilean telescope; mirror systems. 19. Image erection and relay systems; microscopes. 20. Telecentric systems; imaging properties of afocal systems. 21. Illumination systems; diffuse illumination; projection condensor system; Kohler illumination; critical illumination; slide projector. 22. Light Sources; integrating sphere and bars; practical considerations; dark field and Schlieren systems; overhead projector; Fresnel lenses. 23. Photographic systems; viewfinders and focusing aids; autofocus systems. 24. Eye; Autocollimator; scanners. Optical Materials and Dispersion 25. Optical fabrication techniques; grinding and polishing; spherometer. 26. Dispersing prisms; minimum deviation; index measurement; glass properties; Abbe number; other optical materials. 27. Prism spectrometer. 28. Thin prisms; combinations of thin prisms; achromatic prism; direct vision prism. 29. Longitudinal chromatic aberration; thin lens achromat. Grading:
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