Colloquium 2008-04-24

 

3:30 p.m. in Room 307 of the Optical Sciences Meinel Building

Speaker:

James Harrington

Rutgers University

Title:

An Optical Fiber With a Big Hole or Infrared Hollow Waveguides: A Review

 

Host:

John Greivenkamp

 

Abstract:

Infrared-transmissive hollow waveguides (HWGs) are enjoying a resurgence resulting from emerging applications in a variety of sensor and power delivery systems. These HWGs consist of glass or polymer tubes with highly reflective metallic and dielectric coatings deposited on the inside surface. They are normally fabricated for transmission from transmit from 2 to 12 µm but they have also been made for the transmission of visible and THz radiation. Losses in the IR regime are less than 1 dB/m and lengths as long as 10 m have been made. The most successful structure has been the Ag/AgI coated hollow silica waveguides which are now being used to transmit broadband spectral information for thermal imaging and spectroscopy as well as for IR laser surgery. A brief history of the development of these unique structures will be given followed by a more detailed description of the optical properties of the HWGs. A variety of applications will be described including those involving laser power delivery in surgery, thermal imaging, and spectroscopy.

In addition to the technical presentation on hollow waveguides, I will also briefly describe my year working as a scientist at the Department of State. While there is generally a paucity of scientists at State, I found that scientists can play a key role assisting our foreign policy makers on science related issues. My year at State was spent as the science advisor for the control of dual-use, high technology items which the US controls either though the Department of Commerce or Defense (ITAR). I will review my year at State including examples of what types of technologies are controlled along with my work on visa related issues. During my year I have seen first hand the importance of science in the development of a sound foreign policy. Clearly there is an important role for a scientist at State yet I have learned that even though the science may be straightforward the path to achieving the final export controls is often filled with diplomatic potholes.

 

Bio:

Dr. Harrington has over thirty-five years of research experience in the area of optical properties of solids. Since 1977 he has worked on all aspects of infrared fibers including fabrication, characterization, and applications. He is generally recognized as one of the world's leading experts in this continually evolving field. His current research interests include the development of fiber optics for use in the delivery of laser power in surgical and industrial applications and for use as chemical and thermal fiber sensors. Specifically, these new fibers include hollow glass waveguides and solid core, single-crystal sapphire fibers for the delivery of CO2, Er:YAG, and FEL laser radiation and for spectroscopic and thermometric applications aimed at the identification of chemical species and the measurement of low and high (>1500  C) temperature radiation. He is the inventor of hollow glass waveguides, which today are being used as CO2 laser delivery systems in gynecology, arthroscopy, and dentistry. His book, Infrared Fibers and Their Applications, SPIE Press, January, 2004 provides a comprehensive overview of IR fiber optics and an entry point for those wishing to learn more about this growing field.

 

Dr. Harrington has spent many years in service to the optical community primarily through his professional association with SPIE, The International Society for Optical Engineering and through his work as a science advisor to the US Department of State. As member of SPIE’s leadership and in 2002 as President of SPIE he traveled extensively promoting optics research and education. He has met with many leaders in the US, Europe, and the far East to help arrange professional society meetings that promote not only many technical areas involving the broad field of optics but also to encourage many students to participate in professional conferences. Through his chairmanship of the US Advisory Committee of the International Commission on Optics (USAC/ICO), he has been very involved in working with a team of dedicated optics professionals to promote optics and photonics on a national level. During the 2005-2006, Dr. Harrington was a Jefferson Science Fellow at the US Department of State. He worked as a science advisor within the Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation, Office of Conventional Arms and Threat Reduction (ISN/SATR) where he assisted in the establishment of controls for dual-use high technology goods. Specifically, his work with State, the Departments of Defense, Commerce, and the 40 nations making up the Wassenaar Arrangement helped establish controls for lasers and for low-light level sensors and cameras. His interests include control of dual-use technology, non-immigrant visas, and the application of non-life science and engineering solutions to improve the standard of living in less developed countries.