OPTI 505R
7/06
OPTI 505R. Diffraction and Interferometry (3) II.
Interference and
interferometry; concepts of coherence; diffraction theory;
Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction; optical transfer function; Gaussian beam propagation; holography; volume diffraction; speckle.
P, OPTI 501& 512R or 604.
Course Outline (75-minute lectures):
1. Introduction to Theory of Interferometry and
Diffraction
2. Maxwell’s Equations
3. Wave Equation
3.1 Transverse waves
3.2 Plane waves
3.3 Complex representation
3.4 Spherical waves
3.5 Linear superposition
3.6 Polarization
4. Basic Interference
4.1 Two plane waves
4.2 Two spherical waves
4.3 Plane wave ans spherical wave
4.4 Plane wave and cylindrical wave
4.5 Methods of beam division
5. Concepts of Coherence
5.1 Coherence time
5.2 Coherence length
5.3 Theory of partial coherence
5.4 Fringe visibility reduction
5.5 Fringe localization
5.6 Correlation interferometry
6. Classical Two-Beam Interferometers
6.1 Plane parallel plate
6.2 Fizeau
6.3 Michelson
6.4 Twyman-Green
6.5 Mach-Zehnder
6.6 Lateral shear
6.7 Radial shear
7. Multiple Beam Interference
7.1 Airy’s formula
7.2 Absorbing coatings
7.3 Fabry Perot (plane and spherical)
7.4 FECO
8. Multilayer Films
8.1 Theory
8.2 AR film
8.3 High reflectance film
9. Direct Phase Measurement
9.1 Methods of phase shifting
9.2 Algorithms
10. Preliminary Description of Diffraction
11. Mathematical Description of Diffraction
11.1 Helmholtz equation
11.2 Green’s theorem
11.3 Integral theorem of Helmholtz and Kirchhoff
11.4 Kirchhoff formulation of diffraction by a plane
screen
11.5 Kirchhoff boundary conditions
11.6 Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction formula and
Huygens-Fresnel
principle
11.7 Rayleigh-Sommerfeld formulation of diffraction
by a plane screen
11.8 Plane wave spectrum approach
11.9 Babinet’s principle
12. Fresnel and Fraunhofer Diffraction
12.1 Fresnel approximation
12.2 Fraunhofer diffraction
13. Fresnel Diffraction
13.1 Fresnel zones
13.2 Circular aperture
13.3 Zone plate
13.4 Rectangular aperture
13.5 Large aperture - long slit and stright edge
13.6 Talbot images
14. Fraunhofer Diffraction
14.1 Single slit
14.2 Rectangular aperture
14.3 Circular aperture
14.4 Double slit
14.5 Multiple slits. Binary diffraction gratings
14.6 Sinusoidal amplitude and phase gratings
15. Optical Transfer Function
15.1 Coherent imaging
15.2 Incoherent imaging
16. Gaussian Beams
16.1 Basic theory
16.2 Propagation through optical systems
17. Holography
17.1 Physical description
17.2 Mathematical proof of reconstruction process
l7.3 Minimum reference beam angle to separate orders
17.4 Recording and playback geometry
17.5 Light sources and recording materials
17.6 Volume holograms
17.7 Applications
18. Speckle
18.1 Physical origin
18.2 Applications
Homework, Exams, and Grades:
The final grade in the course is calculated as
follows:
- homework 20%
- two in-class, closed book exams 40%
- final exam 40%
Recommended Texts:
-
Born and Wolf: Principles of Optics (Pergamon
Press)
-
Goodman: Introduction to Fourier Optics
(McGraw-Hill
-
Hecht: Optics (Addison-Wesley)
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