Dissertation Defense: Trenton Brendel, "Optical Solutions to Telescope Problems: Stray Light Analysis, Laser-Truss Metrology, and Freeform Optical Design"

Title: Optical Solutions to Telescope Problems: Stray Light Analysis, Laser-Truss Metrology, and Freeform Optical Design

Abstract:

Astronomical telescopes provide a window into the heavens that far surpasses anything the human eye can see, expanding our scientific understanding by bringing distant objects from the past into the present context. Telescopes, as magnificent as they are, suffer from imperfections which limit their effectiveness. These imperfections include: SNR-degrading stray light contamination from unwanted light which obscures meaningful scientific data in background noise; Misalignment of optics that induce wavefront aberrations and blur science objects; And limitations in the initial optical design of telescopes which prohibit wide-field observations. This dissertation will explore the many imperfections which plague astronomical telescopes and provide possible solutions to overcome these limitations.

First, we examine the effects of stray light on the FIREBall-2 UV balloon telescope, an effort spearheaded by Dr. Erika Hamden of Steward Observatory, and demonstrate a comprehensive system of baffles which effectively mitigate the impact of unwanted light on science observations. Next, we focus on the development of a novel, laser-truss metrology system for improving and maintaining collimation and pointing of the Large Binocular Telescope by a small team led by Dr. Heejoo Choi at the Large Binocular Telescope Observatory in collaboration with the Giant Magellan Telescope Observatory. Finally, we conclude with a discussion on the design of a high-performance, wide-field radio instrument to study the Cosmic Microwave Background at the South Pole Telescope in Antarctica known as the Summertime Line Intensity Mapper, developed in collaboration with Dr. Dan Marrone’s group.

We wrap up with a discourse on the relationship between each of these optical engineering challenges and speak to the impact of this work in benefiting the astronomical community at large and enhancing the science products generated with these astronomical instruments. 

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